Nekuda kwekushomeka kwezviwanikwa pasi rose, kukuvara kwemhepo inopisa pasi rose pamwe nezvimwe zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwevanhu, ruzivo rwevanhu nezvekurarama kwezvirimwa zviri kuramba ruchiwedzera kunaka. Mumakore achangopfuura izwi rekuti "zvinhu zvakagadzirwazve/zvinodzokororwa" riri kuramba richizivikanwa muindasitiri yezvipfeko nemachira epamba. Mamwe makambani ane mukurumbira ekupfeka akadai seAdidas, Nike, Uniqlo nemamwe ndiwo anotsigira kufamba uku.
Chii chinonzi cellulose fiber yakagadzirwazve uye polyester fiber yakagadzirwazve? Vanhu vazhinji vanovhiringidzika nezveizvi.
1. Chii chinonzi cellulose fiber yakagadzirwazve?
Zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zve fiber ye cellulose yakagadziriswazve i cellulose yechisikigo (kureva donje, hemp, bamboo, miti, shrub). Kuti tigadzire mashandiro ari nani e fiber ye cellulose yakagadziriswazve, tinongoda kushandura chimiro che cellulose yechisikigo. Maumbirwo ayo emakemikari haachinji. Kuti tizvitaure zviri nyore, fiber ye cellulose yakagadziriswazve inotorwa uye inocherwa kubva pazvinhu zvepakutanga zvechisikigo kuburikidza netekinoroji yekugadzira. Ndeye fiber yekugadzira, asi ndeyechisikigo uye yakasiyana nefiber yepolyester. HAISI ye fiber yemakemikari!
Tencel fiber, inozivikanwawo se "Lyocell", ifiber ye cellulose inogadzirwazve pamusika. Sanganisa pulp yemuti we coniferous, mvura uye zvinonyungudutsa wobva wapisa kusvika zvanyungudika. Mushure mekubviswa kuchena nekusvuura, maitiro ekugadzira "Lyocell" zvinhu zvapera. Nheyo yekuruka yeModal neTencel yakafanana. Zvinhu zvayo zvinobva mumatanda ekutanga. Bamboo fiber yakakamurwa kuita bamboo pulp fiber uye bamboo fiber yekutanga. Bamboo pulp fiber inogadzirwa nekuwedzera zvinowedzerwa zvinoshanda ku pulp ye bamboo yeMoso uye inogadziriswa nekusvuura kwemvura. Ukuwo bamboo fiber yekutanga inotorwa kubva kuMoso bamboo mushure mekurapwa kwezvisikwa zvipenyu.
2. Chii chinonzi fiber yepolyester inogadzirwazve/yakadzokororwa?
Zvichienderana nepfungwa yekudzoreredza, nzira dzekugadzira fiber yepolyester yakagadziriswazve dzinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: zvepanyama uye zvemakemikari. Nzira yepanyama inoreva kurongedza, kuchenesa nekuomesa zvinhu zvepolyester zvakaraswa wobva wanyungudutsa zvakananga. Kunyange zvazvo nzira yemakemikari inoreva kubvisa polymerizing zvinhu zvepolyester zvakaraswa kuita polymerization monomer kana polymerization intermediates kuburikidza nemakemikari reactions; regeneration polymerization mushure mekucheneswa uye kupatsanurwa matanho uye wobva wanyungudutsa spinning.
Nekuda kwetekinoroji iri nyore yekugadzira, maitiro ari nyore uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzira nzira yepanyama, ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzirisa polyester mumakore achangopfuura. Inopfuura 70% kusvika 80% yesimba rekugadzira polyester yakadzokororwa inovandudzwa nenzira yepanyama. Uta hwayo hunogadzirwa nemabhodhoro emvura ine zvicherwa nemabhodhoro eCoke. Inozivikanwa zvikuru munyika dzakabudirira dzakadai seEurope neUnited States nekuti inoshandiswazve kubva mumarara. Polyester yakadzokororwa inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemafuta, tani yega yega yePET yapera inogona kuchengetedza matani matanhatu emafuta. Inogona kubatsira mukuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kudzora greenhouse effect. Semuenzaniso: kudzokorodza bhodhoro repurasitiki rine huwandu hwe600cc = kuderedza kabhoni ye25.2g = kuchengetedza mafuta kwe0.52cc = kuchengetedza mvura kwe88.6cc.
Saka zvinhu zvakagadziriswazve/zvakadzokororwa zvichave zvinhu zvinonyanya kutsvagwa nenzanga mune ramangwana. Zvinhu zvakawanda zvine chekuita nehupenyu hwedu zvakaita sembatya, shangu nematafura zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadzokororwa zvisina njodzi kunharaunda. Zvichagamuchirwa neveruzhinji.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-22-2022
